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Competencies, education and training in the international animal transportation industry - sea transport
Veterinaria Italiana
The health and welfare of animals is a major consideration throughout Australia's livestock export chain and requires the employment of skilled personnel. LiveCorp commenced in 1998 with animal welfare as part of its mission and immediately began work on delivering a training course for cattle stockmen. This work expanded to include sheep and goat stockmen and stevedores. As the Australian live export industry has grown, so too has the inherent level of risk. After incidents on two high-profile voyages, the live export industry was reviewed and the industry standards rewritten in an effort to prevent further mishaps. The new standards make reference to competent animal handlers and direct the Australian Quarantine Inspection Service (AQIS) to accredit veterinarians who accompany consignments of livestock overseas. An online course for veterinarians delivered by Animal Health Australia ensued. The standards also require exporters for each voyage to the Middle East to prepare a consignment risk management plan utilising the heat stress model. Training in the use of the model and preparation of the plans was provided by LiveCorp. The stockman training courses delivered by LiveCorp have been a success and are in continued demand from both AQIS and the live export industry.
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Developing an Animal Welfare Assessment Protocol for Livestock Transported by Sea
Teresa Collins
Animals, 2020
Australia exports large numbers of live cattle and sheep by sea to many destinations. Increasingly high animal welfare standards are being required of all livestock industries, and reports of substantial mortality events on some voyages have raised public concerns regarding animal welfare. Mortality rates alone do not assure stakeholders that livestock experience adequate welfare throughout the voyage. Determining the animal welfare status of large animal consignments is complex and requires many measures that are focused on the environment and resources provided, and also on how the animals respond to their surroundings. A list of measures, appropriate for use on cattle and sheep that enter the livestock export supply chain, was determined by reviewing three international welfare assessment protocols, and consulting the Australian livestock export standards and an animal health handbook used by shipboard veterinarians and stockpersons. After preliminary testing of the measures on a sheep and cattle voyage, we propose a protocol that is potentially practical and applicable for pen assessments for both species at pre-export and destination feedlot facilities and during sea transport. Proposing a protocol is the first step towards developing a system that evaluates livestock welfare throughout the export supply chain, and will contribute to improved industry transparency.
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Improvements and updates to Intact Stability Standards applied to domestic vessels in Australia
Joy Sang-in
The National Marine Safety Committee has recently revised two standards on intact stability, the first dealing with intact stability criteria, the second with stability tests and stability information. The revision incorporates a more performance-based structure with lessons learnt from the application of the previous standards over a 25 year period.
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Risk-Based Ship Design: A Framework for the Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Sea
Dracos Vassalos
Safety and Reliability, 2007
Risk-based ship design is a formalised methodology that integrates systematically risk assessment in the design process with prevention/reduction of risk (to life, property and the environment) embedded as a design objective, alongside "conventional" design objectives (such as speed, capacity, etc). This paper aims at providing a comprehensive overview of the basic elements of the methodology, including reference to applicable risk and other design criteria. The approach goes beyond other formal procedures for risk quantification, risk assessment and risk management existent in various contexts (for instance the Formal Safety Assessment for developing rules, the Safety Case approach for specific design/operational solutions), in that it takes into account mechanisms for trade-offs between safety and other design factors by utilising overlaps between performance, life-cycle cost considerations, functionality and safety at parameter level. The paper also exemplifies the use of the methodology by presenting a framework for application for the case of carriage of dangerous goods by sea.
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Cattle deaths during sea transport from Australia
T. Jubb
Australian Veterinary Journal, 2003
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General Cargo Ships and Safety
Krishnanandh S
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International multi-conference on maritime research and technology. Euroconference on passenger ship design, operation and safety
Apostolos Papanikolaou
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Comparative Study on Catamaran and Monohull for the Hull Form Design of Livestock Carrier
akbar ramadhan
2019
The process of transporting cattle (livestock transportation) between islands takes a long sailing time, therefore the vessel should be arranged to provide the reliable services for the animal welfare even under severe condition during sea transport. The aim of the research is to compare the performance of catamaran and monohull technology for the hull form design of the livestock carrier as a vessel that transport the commodities such as cows, goats, and sheep. The investigation of resistance, intact stability and seakeeping performance of the both hull forms type will be discussed. Based on this study, it might be concluded that the catamaran design has better resistance performance in the high service speed than the monohull. On stability review, the initial stability of catamaran has enabled the larger transversal weight shifts than the monohull, which means the Catamaran has better safety level for livestock carrier. On motion review, the catamaran has better performances notab...
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On Future Ship Safety - people, complexity and systems (vol 13, pg 50, 2014)
Vaughan Pomeroy
Proceedings of the Institute of Marine Engineering, Science, and Technology. Part A, Journal of marine engineering and technology
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A new era of fishing vessel safety emerges
Dracos Vassalos
Transportation research procedia, 2017
Commercial fishing is one of the least safe activities taking place within the EU and the worldwide community today. Several accidents and fatalities have been recorded over the past years stemming from various causes related to the operation, design of the vessels and severe weather conditions. This paper describes the background while attempting to elucidate and assess the impact of a new flooding containment system for new and existing fishing vessels, leading to high levels of survivability in the damaged condition. Highly expanded foam is injected in the most vulnerable compartments, rendering the whole ship a lifeboat. One case study is presented to provide the requisite evidence.
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